Optimization of single electrode tactile codes |
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Authors: | Andrew Y J Szeto Glenn R Farrenkopf |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, 92182-0190 San Diego, CA |
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Abstract: | The effects of a frequency modulated electrocutaneous signal's (code's) characteristics on the interpretability of the signal
were investigated using an electrocutaneous tracking approach. The characteristics investigated include the functional relationship
(exponential and hybrid) between an informational signal and the stimulation frequency, the range of stimulation (2–50 Hz
and 2–100 Hz), and the impact of pulse width compensation on a code's efficacy. The interpretability of six different single
bipolar electrode codes was examined by 30 subjects using a balanced incomplete block experimental design. Codes with exponentially
shaped transfer functions resulted in generally lower electrocutaneous tracking errors than codes utilizing hybridshaped transfer
functions. Hybrid codes had a transfer function that was linear in the lower frequency range and exponential in the higher
frequency range. Codes with a 2–100 Hz frequency range were interpreted better than codes with a 2–50 Hz frequency range.
The use of pulse width compensation to maintain a more even level of stimulation intensity had a slightly negative effect
on the subjects' abilities to cutaneously track the information signal. |
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Keywords: | Electrocutaneous stimulation Tactile codes Sensory feedback |
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