影响移植肾长期存活的护理因素

分析１９７８年以来移植肾存活３年以上者的资料及２０１例移植肾失功或死亡的原因，指出影响移植肾长期存活的护理因素有：①排异反应的观察；②用药的管理；③并发症的防护；④自我保健知识的获取。护理上应加强患者的出院指导及长期随访；合理应用免疫抑制剂，早期发现、早期治疗ＣＲ，做好各项基础护理，严密观察、预防并发症的发生。

Nursing Factors Influencing Survival Duration of Patients with Renal Transplantation

Renal transplantation patients who had more than three years survival,and 201 patients who failed in transplantation or died of it after 1978 were analysed.The results showed that following nursing factors influenced the survival durarion of the patients:(1)Observation of rejection;(2)Administration of drugs;(3)Prevention of complications;and (4)Acquirement of selfhealty care knowledge.Our study indicates that in order to obtain longer survival for renal transplantation patients nurses must give guidance to patients who will leave hospital,they should be followed up regularly,immunosuppressive agents should be given properly,CR must be detected and managed early,every fundamental nursing must be done well,and complications should be prevented.