男护士职业认同与职业获益的相关性研究

目的调查男护士职业认同和影响职业获益的相关因素,从而更加有效地管理男护士,并通过增进其职业认同和职业获益来激发工作热情、提高工作效率。方法 采用便利抽样法抽取2017年1—6月上海市和广州市132名从事临床护理工作1年以上的男护士进行问卷调查,调查内容包括男护士的年龄、科室、学历、编制等一般资料；职业认同评价量表评分；职业获益量表评分。结果 132名男护士的职业认同总分为(111.41±18.87)分,职业获益的总分为(100.73±19.11)分,两者均处于中等偏上水平。学历、年龄和科室对男护士的职业认同和职业获益感的影响不明显(均P>0.05)；在不同编制的男护士中,是否有编制对其职业认同和职业获益感的影响因素比较明显,有编制的职业认同和职业获益优于无编制者,两者相比差异有统计学意义(t=5.229,P=0.031;t=6.852,P=0.010)；男护士的职业认知评价、社会支持、职业社交技巧、职业挫折应对和职业自我反思的评分与职业认同相关因素呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 男护士的职业认同感和职业获益与临床护理人员对工作的投入和对护理的情感关系密切,若处理不好相关的影响因素,则会造成护士的离职倾向与职业倦怠。

Clinical investigation on the correlation between occupational identity and occupational benefits of male nurses

Objective To investigate the factors related to the professional identity of male nurses and the impact of occupational benefits,so as to manage male nurses more effectively,and to stimulate work enthusiasm and work efficiency by improving their professional identity and professional benefits.Methods From January 2017 to June 2017,2 male nurses working in clinical nursing at Shanghai and Guangzhou for more than one year were surveyed by questionnaires.The survey included general information about male nurses'' age,departments,education,preparation,occupation identity rating scale and occupational benefit scale.Results The total score of professional recognition of 32 male nurses was (111.41±18.87),and the total score of occupational benefits was (100.73±19.11),both of which were in the middle upper level.Educational background,age and department had no significant effect on male nurses'' professional identity and sense of professional benefit(P>0.005).Among male nurses with different staffing levels,the factors influencing their professional identity and sense of professional benefit were more obvious.There was a significant difference between the two groups (t=5.229,P=0.031;t=6.852,P=0.010).The scores of occupational cognitive evaluation,social support,professional social skills,career frustration coping and professional self-reflection were positively related to the factors related to occupational identity (P<0.05).Conclusion The occupational identity and benefits of male nurses are closely related to the job involvement of clinical nurses and their affection for nursing.If the related factors are not handled properly,it will result in the turnover tendency and job burnout of nurses.