冠脉通片防治慢性肾脏病大鼠血管钙化的作用研究

目的] 观察冠脉通片对大鼠慢性肾脏病（CKD）血管钙化的防治作用。方法] 采用灌胃给予腺嘌呤加髙磷饮水的方法制备大鼠CKD血管钙化模型。造模同时灌胃给予不同剂量冠脉通片，连续10周。腹主动脉取血检测血清尿素、肌酐、钙、磷水平，试剂盒检测腹主动脉钙含量，苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察肾和血管组织变化，硝酸银染色观察血管钙化情况。结果] 冠脉通片0.46、0.23 g/kg组能显著降低模型大鼠血清尿素、肌酐及磷水平，升高钙水平；明显降低腹主动脉钙含量；肾脏HE染色结果提示，与正常组相比，模型组大鼠肾小球结构紊乱，肾小管代偿性扩张，局部见棕褐色结晶沉积，肾脏间质弥漫淋巴和单核细胞浸润，大量成纤维细胞增生，形成广泛纤维化，肾脏血管明显减少。与模型组比较，冠脉通片组正常肾小球数目增多，肾小管扩张程度降低，炎性细胞数量下降，腺嘌呤结晶减少。其中，冠脉通片0.46 g/kg组效果更好。HE与硝酸银染色显示，与模型组相比，冠脉通片0.46、0.23 g/kg组大鼠胸主动脉钙化灶面积明显缩小，其中冠脉通片0.46 g/kg组效果更好。结论] 冠脉通片对CKD血管钙化大鼠有明显防治作用，可改善肾功能，纠正钙、磷代谢紊乱，降低动脉钙含量，缩小钙化面积。

Effect of Guanmaitong Tablet on prevention and treatment of vascular calcification in rats with chronic kidney disease

Objective] To observe the effects of Guanmaitong tablets on the prevention and treatment of vascular calcification in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods] Vascular calcification model with CKD in rats was prepared by gavage with adenine and high phosphorus water. Different dosages of Guanmaitong tablets were given by gavage for 10 weeks. The levels of serum urea,creatinine,calcium,phosphorus and the content of calcium in the abdominal aorta were detected. Renal and vascular tissue changes were observed by HE staining. Von kossa stainings were used to observe the degrees of vascular calcification.Results] The levels of serum urea,creatinine and phosphorus in the model rats were significantly reduced,the level of calcium was increased and the content of calcium in abdominal aorta was obviously decreased in the groups of Guanmaitong tablets 0.46,0.23 g/kg. HE staining showed that compared with the normal group,disordered glomerular structure,tubular ectasia,brown crystal deposits were seen locally. The interstitium of the kidney was permeated with lymphatic and mononuclear infiltration,and a large number of fibroblasts proliferated,with extensive fibrosis and significantly reduced renal vessels. Compared with the model group,the degree of renal tubule dilation decreased,the number of inflammatory cells decreased,and adenine crystals decreased,with the effect in the group of 0.46 g/kg was better. HE and Von kossa stainings showed that compared with the model group,the area of calcification lesion in the thoracic aorta of rats in the groups of Guanmaitong tablets 0.46,0.23 g/kg was significantly reduced,and the effect in the group of 0.46 g/kg was better.Conclusion] Guanmaitong tablets had significant prevention and treatment effects on vascular calcification in rats with CKD,which could improve renal function,correct the disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism,reduce the content of calcium and the area of calcification in arteries.