《神农本草经》海洋中药品种考证

《神农本草经》是我国现存最早的一部中药学专著,现代学者在《神农本草经》学术思想上的研究成果颇丰,在药物研究方面多偏向于陆生和淡水生中药的研究,对于其中海洋中药的研究则相对较少,同时,所见文献对于《神农本草经》中海洋中药的品种数尚存争议。通过查阅历代本草文献,结合现代海洋药物研究及生物学、矿物学、历史地理等多种学科的研究成果,对《神农本草经》所载海洋中药的品种分类、生境分布、不同文献对《神农本草经》海洋中药品种与数量记述的差异等进行比较分析,并对历来存有异议的11个品种进行深入的考证,提出《神农本草经》共收载海藻、牡蛎、大盐等12味海洋中药,为《神农本草经》海洋中药的学术研究提供了有益的参考。

Textual research on species of traditional Chinese marine medicine in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica

Shengnong''s Classic of Materia Medica is the antecessor of existing monographs on Chinese materia medica (CMM) in China. Modern scholars have made a lot of achievements in the researching of the academic thinking of Shennong''s Classic of Materia Medica. In the aspect of pharmaceutical research, most of them have the tendency of studying terrestrial and fresh-water aquatic CMM, while the research of traditional marine Chinese medicine is relatively less. At the same time, there is still controversy in the literature on the number of traditional marine Chinese medicines in Shennong''s Classic of Materia Medica. By consulting ancient herbal literatures, and combining modern results of marine medicine research in different disciplines including biology, mineralogy, history, geography, and so on, this paper analyzed and compared the cultivar classification, habitats distribution, and the differences of species and number of marine medicine in different literatures, thoroughly and deeply researched the 11 species which are always arguable, put forward that a total of 12 marine Chinese herbs such as seaweed, oyster shell, crude salt were recorded in Shennong''s Classic of Materia Medica. The research results of this article provided a useful reference for the academic research of marine medicine of Shennong''s Classic of Materia Medica.