常见细菌感染的经验治疗

经验治疗是指根据临床症状与可能的致病菌应用抗生素。多数情况下，在分离出病原微生物及得出药敏实验前，特别是有危及患者生命的感染时临床医生就已经开始经验治疗。当实验室检查培养出病原菌后再根据药敏实验结果调整用药或继续应用原来的抗生素。影响医师经验性治疗的因素包括感染部位、患者的临床特征和有否合并感染及可疑病原的耐药性等。

Empiric therapy of the frequent causes of bacterial infections

Empiric therapy is the administration of antibiotics based on clinical symptoms and the likelihood of an infectious pathogen.In most office and clinic settings,before the isolation and susceptibility testing of the microorganism,physicians usually begin empiric therapy rather than lose valuable treatment time while waiting for laboratory results,particularly when a life threatening infection is involved.Once the laboratory results verify the specific organism of the infection,the therapy can be continued or changed based upon the pathogen identified and its susceptibilities.When treating an infection empirically,there are several important factors that influence a physician's choice of antibiotic,including the site of infection,patient characteristics and preferences,the presence of copathogens,the likelihood of resistance.