热休克蛋白在人乳腺癌中的作用

目的探讨不同类型和亚型热休克蛋白（Ｈｓｐｓ）在人乳腺癌增殖、分化中的作用及意义。方法应用免疫组织化学ＳＰ法、电镜、原位杂交和ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法对１１５例浸润性导管癌Ｈｓｐ７０、Ｈｓｐ９０、泛素（ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｉｎ）进行观察。结果Ｈｓｐ９０ｍＲＮＡ在癌组织较非癌组织中的表达显著增强。此外，癌组织中的Ｈｓｐ９０αｍＲＮＡ表达水平与增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）指数密切相关。提示Ｈｓｐ９０α同功异构体表达增加在细胞增殖过程中起一定作用。另外，在分化差的癌组织中也有Ｈｓｐ９０βｍＲＮＡ表达。Ｈｓｐ７０和泛素在细胞中的分布部位一致。在Ｈｓｐ７０核内染色阳性的标本中，ＰＣＮＡ指数显著增加。Ｈｓｐ７０家族中的Ｈｓｐ７３ｍＲＮＡ在ＰＣＮＡ高表达的癌组织比非癌组织有较高水平的表达。结论本研究显示：Ｈｓｐ９０α在癌细胞增殖中起重要作用，而Ｈｓｐ９０β与细胞分化和结构构建有关。此外，Ｈｓｐ７０家族中，尤其是与泛素有关的Ｈｓｐ７３可能是癌细胞增殖的一个指标。

The role of the heat shock protein in human breast cancer

Objective To study the role of heat shock proteins (HSP) in the cell cycle and various processes of carcinogenesis. Methods Immunohistochemical SP methods, electron microscopy, in situ hybridization and RT PCR were used to evaluate the expression of HSP, mainly HSP90, ubiquitin and HSP70 in breast cancer tissues. Results HSP90 mRNA was expressed at much higher levels in cancerous tissue than in non cancerous tissues. In addition, a close relation between HSP90 mRNA expression and proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index (PCNA L.I.) was observed in cancerous tissue. These findings suggest that increased expression of HPS90 isoform may play a role in cell proliferation. On the other hand, HSP90 mRNA was expressed in the more poorly differenciated carcinomas of the breast. The intracellular localization of HSP70 was consistent with that of ubiquitin. The PCNA L.I. was significantly higher in specimens showing HSP70 in nucleus. HSP73 mRNA, a member of HSP70 family, was also expressed at higher levels in cancerous tissues associated with a high PCNA L.I. than in non cancerous tissues. Conclusion These results suggest that HSP90 may play a role in cancer cell proliferation and that HSP90 may contribute to cell differenciation and structural constitution. In addition, HSP70, especially HSP73, is related to ubiquetin and seems to be a marker for cancer proliferation.