综合性重症监护病房医院感染目标性监测

目的了解综合性重症监护病房医院感染现状,分析感染特点,以便加强防控。方法通过目标性监测,对本医院综合重症监护病房住院患者医院感染状况进行了监测。结果本医院重症监护病房2009-2011年3年期间共入住患者1 796例,发生感染患者296例次,例次感染率为16.48%,日感染率9.53‰。在接受侵入性操作患者中,静脉插管相关性血流感染率5.34‰、呼吸机相关性肺部日感染率3.86‰、留置导尿管相关性泌尿道日感染率3.31‰。从感染病人标本中共检出397株病原菌,革兰阴性菌占52.4%。结论本医院综合重症监护病房医院感染发生率较高,主要危险因素为血管内插管、机械通气和泌尿道插管等侵入性操作,必须有针对性地制定有效干预措施。

TARGET MONITORING OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Objective To understand the situation of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit(ICU) and to analyze the characteristics of infection in order to enhance the prevention and protection.Methods The retrospective study was used to analyze infection rates and daily infection rates in the patients of our ICU with the target monitoring.Results 1 796 patients were observed during year 2009-2011 in ICU of our hospital.Of these patients,296 were diagnosed as nosocomial infections and the infection rate was 16.48% while daily infection rate was 9.53.Among the patients who accepted invasive operation,the daily infection rate of catheter-related blood stream infection was 5.34,those of ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-associated urinary tract infection were 3.86 and 3.31 respectively.Among 397 detected strains,the Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 52.4%.Conclusion The nosocomial infection rate in ICU of our hospital is comparatively high.The main risk factors are invasive operations which include intravascular catheterization,mechanical ventilation,and the urinary tract.Target protections and effective infection control should be formulated to manage nosocomial infection in ICU patients.