低温保护剂渗透关节软骨研究进展

玻璃化保存关节软骨具有临床治疗和科学研究的双重意义。如何在保证对软骨细胞造成的损伤最小的前提下，将足够多的低温保护剂载入软骨组织，是玻璃化保存关节软骨的关键环节之一，而低温保护剂渗透关节软骨的特性是指导设计低温保护剂加载处理过程的重要依据。从实验研究和数学建模两方面，系统评述低温保护剂渗透关节软骨的研究进展，指出现有研究存在的不足，并对今后低温保护剂渗透关节软骨的研究方向提出展望。

A Review of Cryoprotectant Permeation into Articular Cartilage

Vitrification of articular cartilage (AC) has excited great interest due to the clinical and scientific significances of this tissue. Sufficient permeation throughout the tissue and minimization of accompanying damage to cells are required for successful vitrification of AC. The knowledge of permeation kinetics of cryoprotectant (CPA) in AC is important for designing the CPA addition protocol. In this review,  developments on the permeation of CPA into AC are summarized from two aspects: measurement of CPA diffusion in AC and mathematical modeling of CPA transport in AC. A great of efforts  have been made, which has led to the recent advancements in the field, but more investigations still deserved to be addressed, such as co permeation of multiple CPAs into AC, CPA permeation at subzero temperatures, and strengthening of CPA transport.