脑深部电刺激在新领域的临床应用进展

脑深部电刺激（DBS）是近20年来神经外科领域发展最迅猛的技术。DBS是通过刺激发生器发出的高频电脉冲信号刺激脑神经核团或神经传导束来调节异常的神经环路。DBS已经成为治疗特发性震颤、帕金森病、肌张力障碍等运动障碍病的常规手术方法。自1997年深部脑刺激通过美国FDA认证用于治疗特发性震颤以来，已有超过数万名运动障碍患者接受该疗法，而国内脑深部电刺激最早在1999年应用于帕金森病临床治疗，迄今也有数千例患者接受了植入手术。近年，脑起搏器的临床适应症不断扩大，从最初的运动障碍病逐渐发展到治疗其他神经和精神疾病，如抽动秽语综合征、强迫症、抑郁症、神经性厌食症、难治性疼痛、癫痫、植物状态和阿尔茨海默病等。虽然DBS的治疗机理还不很清楚，但可以预见未来DBS将成为众多神经和精神疾病的重要治疗方法。

Progress in clinical application of deep brain stimulation in the new field

In the field of Department of Neurosurgery, deep brain electrical stimulation technology is the fastest development in the past 20 years. Deep brain stimulation is an abnormal nerve loop which is used to stimulate the brain nerve nucleus or nerve conduction bundle by stimulating the high frequency electric pulse signal. It has become a routine surgical procedure for the treatment of idiopathic tremor, Parkinson's disease and muscular tension disorder. More than tens of thousands of patients have been treated with this therapy since the 1997 deep brain stimulation, which has been used to treat patients with essential tremor, has been approved by the US FDA. Domestic deep brain stimulation in 1999, the first application in the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease, so far there are thousands of patients have accepted the implantation surgery. In recent years, a brain pacemaker clinical indications continue to expand, from the initial movement disorder gradually developed into the treatment of other neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Tourette syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, anorexia nervosa, intractable pain, epilepsy, vegetative state and Alzheimer's disease etc. Although the treatment mechanism of DBS is not very clear, but it can be predicted that the future of DBS will become an important treatment for many neurological and psychiatric diseases.