陕北两市男性在岗职业人群吸烟现况及对策研究

目的 了解陕北地级市男性在岗职业人群吸烟现状及相关因素,为制订控烟策略和措施提供依据。方法采用多级分层整群抽样,对1355名男性在岗职业人员进行问卷调查。结果 陕北地级市男性在岗职业人群现在吸烟率57.45%, 95%的置信区间 45.61%～60.29%。单因素分析吸烟的相关因素有:职业(χ²=35.36 P=0.000)、文化程度(χ²=20.546,P=0.001)、对被动吸烟危害认识(χ²=10.13,P=0.001)、对戒烟的态度(χ²=20.15,P=0.000);与家庭月平均收入无关(χ²=7.408,P=0.192)。多因素分析年龄是危险因素(OR=1.251,95%CI:1.087～1.439),医护与教师职业(OR=0.570,95%CI:0.439～0.740)、文化程度高(OR=0.593,95%CI:0.416～0.845)是保护性因素。吸烟者开始吸烟年龄在15～35岁,平均年龄(20.8±3.26)岁,小于25岁者占85.25%。每日平均吸烟量在一包以内者占82.26%。结论 陕北地级市男性在岗职业人群现在吸烟率较高,控烟形势严峻。

Investigation into the present state and strategies of smokingmale employees in two cities in northern Shaanxi province

Objective To learn about the present state and relevant factors of male smoking employees in prefecture-level cities in northern Shaanxi to provide background information for the government department in making feasible and effective smoking-control policies and measures.Methods Multi-level group sampling, questionnairing 1,355 male employees.Resutls Present smoking rate of male employees in prefecture-level cities in northern Shaanxi, 57.45%; 95% confidence interval, 45.61%～60.29%.Relevant factors to smoking based on the result of individual factor analysis include: vocation (χ²=35.36 P=0.000), education level (χ²=20.546,P=0.001), realization of hazards of passive smoking(χ²=10.13,P=0.001), attitude toward quitting (irrelevant to average monthly family income) (χ²=7.408,P=0.192).The result of multi-factor analysis: age is the risk factor (OR=1.251,95%CI:1.087～1.439), medical stuff and teaching profession (OR=0.570,95%CI:0.439～0.740)and high education level (OR=0.593,95%CI:0.416～0.845)are the protective factor.Smokers begin smoking at the age of 15 to 35, average age 20.8±3.26, those younger than 25 take up 85.25%, and 82.26% smoke less than one pack (20pcs) in one day.Conclusion Smoking rate of male employees in prefecture-level cities in northern Shaanxi remains high, situation of smoking-control serious, and the government department should make feasible and effective policies and measures according to the present state and relevant factors to realize no smoking in public places as soon as possible.