农村糖尿病患者健康教育知识掌握现状调查及其对慢性并发症发生率的影响

目的：了解本市农村糖尿病患者健康教育知识掌握现状及其对慢性并发症发生率的影响,唤起人们对糖尿病教育的重视。方法按参考文献设计糖尿病健康教育知识测评表,对150例本科住院的本市农村2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。在参与了问卷调查患者中选取病程在5~10年且病程、年龄、性别均无统计学差异的患者,出院后查阅其病历资料,记录慢性并发症：糖尿病眼病、糖尿病肾病、糖尿病大血管病变（颈部及双下肢血管）、糖尿病周围神经病变、糖尿病植物神经病变。采用χ2检验分析得分≥60分及〈60分者慢性并发症发病率差异。结果14例糖尿病患者相关知识掌握好（得分≥85分）,占9.3%,45例一般（60~84分）,占30%,91例差（〈60分）占60.7%；糖尿病教育相关知识得分〈60分组患者其慢性并发症的发病率均明显高于得分≥60分组（P〈0.05）。结论糖尿病健康教育知识掌握好坏直接影响糖尿病慢性并发症的发生率,本市农村糖尿病健康教育形势严峻,需引起有关部门及广大医务工作者的重视。

Investigation on current status of diabetes education knowledge of rural diabetic patients and its influence on the chronic complications

Objective To investigate the current status of diabetes education knowledge of rural diabetic patients and its influence on the chronic complications, in order to raise awareness of the importance of diabetes education.Methods According to the references to design the diabetes health education knowledge evaluation form, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the rural 150 patients in our hospital with type 2 diabetes according to the evaluation form. Then selected questionnaire whose course of disease was in 5~10 years and their course of disease, age, sex had no statistical difference, recorded the chronic complications of diabetes incidence： diabetic eye disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic microvascular diseases（neck and lower extremity arteries）, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic autonomic neuropathy, according their medical records after being discharged from the hospital, analyzed chronic morbidity differences in score≥60 and 〈60 byχ2 test.Results There were 14 patients mastered health education of diabetes mellitus knowledge well（score≥85）, accounting for 9.3%, 45 cases of general（60~84）, accounting for 30%, 91 cases of poor（score〈60）, accounting for 60.7%. Patients with diabetes education related knowledge score〈60, their morbidity rate of chronic complications was significantly higher than patients with knowledge score≥60（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of diabetes health education knowledge mastered directly affects the quality of the chronic complications of diabetes. The situation of health education in rural areas in our city is severe. More attention should be payed to it by the relevant departments and medical researchers.