我国内蒙古大兴安岭北麓泡状肝包虫种类的研究I.多房棘球绦虫

人兽共患泡状(多房)棘球蚴病的病原种类,一向人们都认为只有多房棘球绦虫一种,其中包含分布在不同地区的2-3个地理株(或亚种)(Vogel,1957;KumaratilakeandThompson,1982;Miyazaki,1991;等)。但在我国内蒙古东北部大兴安岭北麓呼伦贝尔草原,却存在着多房棘球绦虫(EchinococcusmultilocularisLeuckart,1863)的所谓三个“地理株(或亚种)”:欧洲的多房棘球绦虫、冻土地带的西伯利亚棘球绦虫和苏俄的多房棘球绦虫。它们在内蒙古不仅存在于同一流行区,而且成虫常混合感染于同一终宿主沙狐的体内。2001年,作者再次检查呼伦贝尔的沙狐151只,从中检出19只感染有泡状棘球绦虫成虫,其中有9只混合感染上述的不同形态的三虫种。观察了它们成虫的埋蜡连续切片的制片,说明它们的子宫是各有稳定不变的结构。这三虫种经人工感染数百只实验鼠,比较观察了各虫体幼虫期大量的埋蜡连续切片,再次证实此三虫种在中间宿主鼠类体内发育的幼虫期,是各有一定的结构和发育格式。本文着重介绍欧洲型多房棘球绦虫的成虫子宫结构和它幼虫期发育。

Studies on the alveolar Echinococcus species in Northward Daxingan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China. I. Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863

The pathogens of alveolar echinococcosis including Europe Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 with vase-like uterus with a narrow neck, E. sibiricensis Rausch et Scheller, 1954 with pyriform uterus and Russia E. multilocularis (Abuladze, 1960) with spherical uterus at segment top, were collected from mixedly infected sand foxes, Vulpes corsac, of Inner Mongolia in 2001. Studies on the serial sections of their adults indicated that their uterus structures were stable.The styles of their metacestode development in experimental mice also are different. In the Europe Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 of Inner Mongolia, a lots of germinal cells grew on the inner surface of early cysts, most of which metastasized rapidly into rodent liver tissue and were surrounded by large number of host leukocytes. Germinal tissue of parasite formed brood vesicles with early protoscoleces masses, and formed alveolar reticular tissue with protoscoleces growing in the meshes of net. Those germinal tissue also metastasized to form white membranous tissue enclosing host organs, many alveolar capsules grew from the membranous tissue. It also had an appearance of proliferating through alveolar buds growing from the membranous tissue, which grew toward outside to form new alveolar tissue.