人类髌股关节三维运动规律的研究

本实验通过精密机械式三维位移测量方法，采用１０条新鲜离体人膝关节标本定标加载，分析研究了屈膝过程中的髌股关切运动学及Ｑ角变化对髌股关节运动的影响。结果发现，人类髌股关切具有复杂而有规律性的三维运动特点，对传统认为“髌骨具二维运动”的观点提出了修正。同时发现，Ｑ角异常增大或减小，虽然对髌股运动趋势无显著影响，但可影响髌股运动幅度从而影响髌股稳定性。髌骨的许多特征运动均发生在屈膝３０°之前，髌骨此时也最不稳定，容易受到伤害提示临床手术治疗、护具设计及运动员选材时应予重视。

The Study of Three Dimensional Motion Patterns of the Human patellofemoral Joint

In this study ,10 knee joints from fresh human cadaver were tested with the method of 3-D precise mechanical measurement to investigate the kinematics of patellofemoral joint and the effect of Q-angle variation on patellofemoral motions during knee flexion.The result showed that the human patellofemoral motions are very complex,with a consistent 3 dimensional displacement and rotation patterns,wihich will revise the traditional concept of 2 dimensional patellofemoral motion.Meanwhile we also found that the abnormal Q angle ,in spite of having no remarkable effect on patellofemoral tracking patterns ,changed the range of patellofemoral motion and resulted in the unstability of patellofemoral joint.Most of the characteristics of patellofemoral motions appeared within the initial 30° knee flexion,while the patella was most unstable and easy to be damaged.The results were so important that the design of the knee joint braces,the procedure of patella realignment surgery,as well as the talent identification of athletes should consider the characteristics of Q angle variation.