儿童行为问题与家庭环境的相关分析

目的了解小学生行为问题流行现状及其家庭环境的影响因素,为开展心理健康教育及提出干预措施提供依据.方法应用Rutter儿童行为问卷和自行设计的家庭环境调查表,对沈阳市2所普通小学一～六年级小学生1 060名的行为问题及其家庭环境进行调查,用SPSS软件进行统计分析.结果小学生行为问题检出率为10.75%,男生行为问题检出率(13.35%)高于女生(7.99%),差异有显著性(P＜0.01).男性儿童行为问题的发生与教育态度、管教方式、父母关系、亲子关系、期望等有关;男生行为问题的发生与教育态度、管教方式、父母关系、亲子关系、期望有关,女生行为问题的发生与教育态度、管教方式、亲子关系等有关.结论儿童行为问题受家庭环境影响,其中教育态度、管教方式、父母关系、亲子关系、期望等是主要的影响因素.

Correlation Analysis of Children Behavioral Problems and Family Environments

Objective To study family environmental factors to the prevalence of pupils' behavioral problems and to provide basis for their mental health education and interventions.Methods By using Rotter's Children Behavior Questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire on family environments, 1 060 pupils in grade 1 - 6 from 2 primary schools in Shenyang were investigated. Data were analyzed by SPSS. Results The incidence rate of behavioral problems was 10.75%, which boys (13.35% ) were significantly higher than girls (7.99%) ( P < 0.01). The behavioral problems of children and boys were correlated to attitude and manner of supervising children, relationship between parents, relationship between parents and children and parental expectation. The behavioral problems of girls were correlated to attitude and manner of supervising children, relationship between parents and children. Conclusion Family environments can affect children' s behavioral problems. The major influencing factors are attitude and manner of supervising children, relationship between parents, relationship between parents and children and parental expectation.