消除血吸虫病——我国血吸虫病防治工作的新目标与新任务

本文简要回顾了我国建国以来血吸虫病防治策略的实施与取得的防治成就，分析了《全国预防控制血吸虫病中长期规划纲要（2004-2015年）》目标任务的完成情况及面临的挑战。指出了在新阶段我国血防工作的四个主要特征：一是高度流行地区已显著压缩，但疫情反弹的风险在个别区域仍存在；二是低水平流行将在大范围内维持较长时间，监测巩固工作将成为长期任务；三是有钉螺分布且人畜常到的高危地带成为焦点，综合防治力度必须加大；四是消除血吸虫病防治技术难点仍未突破，科研水平须进一步加快提升。强调，今后应围绕这些重点，继续依法加强传染源控制为主的综合防治策略，才能最终实现消除血吸虫病、“将‘瘟神’危害群众扫进历史，还一方水土清净、百姓安宁”的新目标。

Eradication of Schistosomiasis: a New Target and a New Task for the National Schistosomiasis Control Porgramme in the People's Republic of China

The achievements for the national schistosomiasis control programme in the People’s Republic of China over the last 6 decades were reviewed， with an emphasis on the status and challenges to accomplish the tasks of “Workplan for the Mid? and Long?term of National Schistosomiasis Control Programme from 2004 to 2015”. Four features of current national schistosomiasis control programme were identified in the new stage. First， the high prevalence areas have been shrunk， but few regions are still at the risks of schitosomiasis rebounding. Second， large areas with low prevalence of schistosomiasis will remain for a long time， so that the disease surveillance will be a long?term task. Third， more notable places will be in the high risk areas where more activities of human and livestock occurred， so that it is essential to implement the integrated control measures in those high risk areas. Fourth， the technologies using in the schistosomiasis eradication programme are delayed as expected， and more needs to accelerate the R&D programmes. It was recommended that sustained implementation of integrated control strategy with more emphasis on control of infectious sources has to be strengthened through enhanced regulation performance in addition to the aforementioned notifications， in order to eradicate schistosomiasis in a response to the newly formulated target of “making the ‘God of Plague’ to be sweep away from the history， and retuning the clear land/water and happy/healthy life to the people”.