大学生自杀倾向量表的初步编制

目的 编制一个中国大学牛自杀倾向量表,为高校开展健康教育和自杀预防提供参考工具.方法 以Mann等提出的自杀应激-易感模型为理论依据,在文献复习和个案访谈的基础上构建大学生自杀倾向量表的理论因子及条目,并通过德尔菲法和预调查进行条目筛选.利用条目分析、信效度检验全面考察量表的心理测量学特征.结果 经条目筛选,最终保留23个条目.探索性因子分析将量表划分为5个维度,与预想的因素结构基本一致.在此结构下进行信效度分析,条目与其分鬣表的相关性较高(r=0.586～0.852),各分量表与总量表相关密切(r=0.534,0.830),而各分量表间呈低中度相关(r=0.073～0.619),均表明量表的内容效度较好.总量表及各分量苗表与CES-D和BHS相关均达到0.001显著水平,表明聚合效度较好;总量表及各分量表均能区分大学生和抑郁症患者2组人群(P＜0.01),表明量表的区分效度较好.总量表的Cronbach's 系数、分半信度和重测信度分别为0.872,0.740,0.784.结论 大学生自杀倾向量表信效度指标基本达到了心理测量学要求,可以作为大学生自杀倾向的测评工具.

The development of college student suicidal tendency scale

Objective To develop the Chinese college student suicidal tendency scale,providing a reference tool for college health education and suicide prevention.Methods Under the theoretical basis of Mann's stress-susceptibility model,literature review and case interviews with students to build the theory of suicidal tendency scale factor and entry,and screening items through the Delphi survey method and pilot study.The psychometric character of the scale was tested by item analysis,reliability and validity test.Results After item selection,the scale finally kept 23 items.Exploratory factor analysis extracted five dimensions which consistent with the expected factor structure.Based on this structure,relations of item and its subscale were high(0.586～0.852),subscales and scale were high(0.534～0.830),whereas relations between subscales were low(0.387～0.620).Relations of scale(and subscales)and CES-D(and BHS)were significant at O.001 test level,indicating a good convergent validity.Scale and subscales were able to differentiate between college students and depressives(P＜0.01),indicating better discriminate validity scale.Cronbach's coefficient,split-half reliability and test-retest reliability for scale were 0.872,0.740 and 0.784 respectively.Conclusion The reliability and validity indicators of college student suicidal tendency scale basically reached the psychometric requirements,and can serve as a measurement tool for college students with suicidal tendencies.