金银花种植中溴氰菊酯的使用及膳食风险评估

目的:利用田间试验数据,对金银花种植过程中使用溴氰菊酯后的残留情况进行风险评估,为溴氰菊酯农药的安全使用提供依据。方法:模拟实际生产情况设置不同农药喷施处理进行田间试验,得到金银花中溴氰菊酯残留数据。基于膳食暴露量和国内外现行最大残留限量(MRL)的角度对不同喷施处理的金银花进行风险评估。结果:基于膳食暴露量的风险评估结果表明,不同处理后每日允许摄入量(ADI)和急性参考剂量(ARf D)均远100%,不存在不可接受的健康风险;基于相关作物的MRL标准的风险评估表明,金银花作为茶饮使用,不同施药处理后,其溴氰菊酯残留量均低于国内外茶叶的MRL,金银花作为一种药材,规范施药后金银花中溴氰菊酯残留值低于国内外草药等食品的MRL,但不规范施药后其残留量超过国内外草药等食品的MRL。结论:综合两个角度风险评估结果,规范施药后,食用金银花不存在膳食风险,增加农药喷施次数或剂量需延长采收间隔期规避风险。本研究从风险评估角度为金银花中溴氰菊酯安全使用规范和MRL标准的建立提供数据支持。

Application and Dietary Risk Assessment of Deltamethrin in Loincerae Japonicae Flos

Objective: To provide basis for safe application of pesticide in Loincerae Japonicae Flos through a dietary risk assessment based on data from the field experiment of deltamethrin. Method: Field experiments were performed by simulating actual field productions to obtain deltamethrin residue data. A risk assessment was carried out based on the dietary exposure and the maximum residue limits. Result: Based on dietary exposure,acceptable adily intake(ADI) and actlte reference dose(ARfD) were much less than 100%, indicting no unacceptable dietary risk. Based on MRL, residue of deltamethrin is lower than MRL in all of tea drinks after pesticide application, and lower than MRL in domestic and foreign herbs and other foods after regular pesticide application, but higher than MRL in domestic and foreign herbs and other foods after irregular pesticide application. Conclusion: On the basis of the two risk assessments, there is no dietary risk in deltamethrin after regular pesticide application. However, in case of increase in pesticide dose and application frequency, the harvest intervals shall be prolonged to avoid risk. This study provides data support for safe application standards for deltamethrin in Loincerae Japonicae Flos and establishment of MRL standards.