骨髓基质干细胞和软骨组织工程

关节软骨是透明软骨 ,它是一种特殊的结缔组织 ,由单一的软骨细胞、纤维和基质构成。软骨组织具有自身独特的生理学特点 ,无血管 ,无神经 ,无淋巴引流 ,在关节腔内仅靠滑液来获取营养 ,其代谢主要以无氧酵解为主等决定了它极其有限的再生能力。临床上由于创伤、炎症肿瘤等原因导致的关节软骨损伤、缺失极为常见 ,且常继发骨关节炎 ,严重影响关节的功能。目前临床上多通过自体或异体移植成形的软骨或具有成软骨潜能的组织如骨膜、软骨膜等来治疗关节软骨的缺损 ,这些组织移植后能生成透明软骨样组织 ,但其生物学性能、耐磨性、韧性均欠佳 ,易…

Bone marrow-derived stromal cells and cartilage tissue engineering

Articular cartilage repair is one of the most challenging issues which remains to be resolved in clinic work. Discovering of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and its application in tissue engineering provide new methods for the treatment of cartilage defects. High seeding density, appropriate cytokines and three-dimensional culture play important roles in the process of inducing BMSC differentiating into chondrocytes, suitable scaffold is also essential in reconstructing cartilage in vitro by methods of tissue engineering.