基于鲜山银花的产地初加工工艺研究△

目的:通过研究山银花鲜药材中绿原酸、灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙和川续断皂苷乙在不同生长期内的代谢累积规律,结合山银花生物总量,确定山银花最佳采收期,同时基于山银花鲜药材,比较不同产地初加工方法对目标成分的影响,确定其最佳产地初加工工艺.方法:采用HPLC/UV-ELSD法测定绿原酸、灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙和川续断皂苷乙含量,比较不同花期山银花中三种指标成分的含量变化情况,确定最佳采收期；对最佳采收期的山银花鲜药材进行晒干、阴干、不同温度烘干、杀青烘干、微波干燥等不同干燥方式处理,比较不同干燥方式对三种指标成分含量的影响,确定山银花最佳初加工工艺.结果:山银花生长期内三种指标成分的代谢累积水平都存在着下降的趋势,幼蕾期到金花期,绿原酸从5.7％下降到1.4％左右,两种皂苷总量从6.7％下降到2.0％,结合生物总量考虑,确定山银花最佳采收期在二白期到大白期之间.干燥方式可依所需功效辨正选择,杀青烘干对绿原酸影响最小,高温快速烘干是两种皂苷最适宜的干燥方式.结论:研究表明山银花最佳采收期为大白期到二白期之间；不同干燥方式对山银花鲜药材品质有着显著影响,为最大程度保留鲜药材活性成分及进一步探讨药材指标成分在不同初加工过程中的降解规律提供参考依据.

Study on the Preliminary Processing Technologies of Fresh Lonicera confusa DC.

Objective:In order to get the best harvest time and preliminary processing method of fresh Lonicera confuse DC.,we studied the content of chlorogenic acid,macranthoidin B and dipsacoside B in L.confusa DC.at different growing stages,and the total biomass of L.confusa DC was determined.Methods:HPLC/UV-ELSD was used to quantify the three compounds of L.confuse DC.at different growing stages.Contents of the three compounds originated different drying methods,i.e.,dried in the sun,dried in the shade,dried at different temperature and dried after kill out were compared to get the bestpreliminary processing method.Results:The content of the three compounds in L.confusa DC.was displayed downward trend in growing period.The content of chlorogenic acid was decreased from 5.7% to about 1.4%,the total contents of two saponins were decreased from 6.7% to 2.0%. Considering the total biomass of different growing stages,the white flower stage is the best harvest time for L.confusa DC..However,the dying method should be selected dependon the specific situation.Contents of chlorogenic acid and the two saponins of fresh L.confusa DC.processed by the method of dried after kill out and quick drying under high temperature were decreased least,respectively.Conclusion:This study indicated that the content of the three compounds of fresh L.confusa DC.processed different drying methods was dynamically changed and significantly influenced,which providing reference to retain the active components in fresh herbs at the maximum extent.