8周游泳运动对2型糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的影响

 目的： 探讨长期游泳运动对2型糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的影响及可能机制。方法: 雄性Wistar大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养联合链脲佐菌素注射制备成T2DM大鼠模型后，随机分为空白对照组（C组）、单纯运动组（CE组）、糖尿病对照组（DM组）和糖尿病运动组（DME组）。CE组和DME组进行8周游泳训练（6 d/week），第1周前3 d练习时间分别为20、30和45 min，第4天起每天持续游泳60 min。运动8周后测定各组大鼠坐骨神经的传导速度（MNCV），以及该组织中肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、C反应蛋白（CRP）的含量，观察其形态结构。结果: 实验末，与DM组相比，DME组的MNCV明显提高（P<0.05），坐骨神经组织中TNF-α、IL-6和CRP水平均有所降低，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。DM组坐骨神经光镜下可见明显的损伤，经运动干预后病变程度减轻。结论: 8周游泳运动可提高MNCV，减轻DM造成的神经损伤，对周围神经起保护作用，其机制可能与减轻炎症反应有关。

Influence of 8-week swimming on peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To explore the influence of long-term swimming on peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat and high-fructose diet, and injected with streptozocin to establish a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group (C group), exercise control group (CE group), diabetes mellitus group (DM group) and diabetes mellitus+exercise group (DME group). The rats in CE group and DME group received 8-week swimming training (6 d/week). The training time was 20, 30 and 45 min in the first 3 d,respectively, and then it increased to 60 min a day. Eight weeks later, the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)， interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in sciatic nerve tissues of the rats were measured. The morphological changes of the sciatic nerve were also observed under light microscope. RESULTS: Compared with DM group, 8-week swimming obviously accelerated the MNCV (P<0.05), decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in DME group (but no significant difference, P>0.05). The obvious nerve injury in DM group was observed. However, the pathological change of the sciatic nerve in DME group was relieved. CONCLUSION: Eight-week swimming training significantly accelerates the MNCV, attenuates the nerve injury in diabetic rats and has protective effect on peripheral nerve, which may be correlated with relieving the inflammatory reaction.