枯草杆菌、肠球菌二联活菌多维颗粒剂联合非营养性吸吮对早产儿影响的临床研究

目的 探讨枯草杆菌、肠球菌二联活菌多维颗粒剂（妈咪爱）联合非营养性吸吮对早产儿的影响。方法无窒息及消化道畸形早产儿80例，随机分为对照组（无妈咪爱联合非营养性吸吮）40例，观察组（妈咪爱联合非营养性吸吮）40例。观察胃肠功能紊乱、生长发育指标等。结果观察组呕吐、腹胀、胃潴留、消化道出血、胎粪性腹膜炎、坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）发生率均低于对照组。观察组胎粪排净时间[（3．20±1．01）d]短于对照组[（6．23±2．56）d]，胃管拔除时间[（4．03±2．11）d]短于对照组[（7．10±2．91）d]，黄疸消退时间[（11．10±5．36）d]短于对照组[（14．30±6．82）d]，住院时间[（15．02±3．12）d]短于对照组[（20．00±5．11）d]，差异均有统计学意义。第7、14天头围及体重的增长大于对照组，差异有统计学意义。观察组颅内出血发生率为12．5％（5／40）、呼吸暂停发生率为10．0％（4／40）、病死率为0（0／40），对照组分别为45．0％（18／40）、37．5％（15／40）、5．0％（2／40），两组比较差异均有统计学意义。结论妈咪爱联合非营养性吸吮可促进胃肠功能的成熟，减少并发症的发生，促进生长发育。

The clinical research of the effect of live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium granules with multivitamines and nonnutritive suck on the premature infant

Objective To study the effect of live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium granules with multivitamines （Medilac-Vita） and nonnutritive suck on the premature infant. Methods Eighty premature infants without asphyxia and digestive tract malformation were randomly divided into control group （without Medilac-Vita and nonnutritive suck group ） and observation group （Medilac-Vita and nonnutritive suck group） including 40 cases each. The gastrointestinal dysfunction and growth-development index were observed in two groups. Results In observation group, the occurrence rate of vomit,abdominal distention, gastric retention, hemorrhage of digestive tract, meconium peritonitis and necrotizing enterocolitis were all lower than that in control group. The cleaning time of meeonium in observation group was lower than that in control group [ （3.20 ± 1.01 ）d and （6.23 ± 2.56）d], the removing time of canalis ventriculi [ （4.03 ±2.11 ）d and （7.10± 2.91 ）d ], the time of the jaundice fading away [ （ 11.10 ± 5.36）d and （ 14.30± 6.82）d ], the time of staying in hospital [ （ 15.02 ± 3.12 ）d and （ 20.00 ± 5.11 ）d ], the growth of the head circumference and weight in seven and fourteen days were significantly different between two groups. The incidence rates of intracranial hemorrhage, apnea and death in observation group were 12.5% （5/40）, 10.0% （4/40） and 0 （0/40）, which in control group were 45.0% （18/40）, 37.5% （15/40） and 5.0% （2/40）. Conclusion The treatment of Medilac-Vita and nonnutritive suck on the premature infants can promote the maturity of stomach and intestine function, reduce the occurrence of complications, promote growth and development.