汉族鼻部观察类形态特征的地区性差异

目的 探讨汉族人群鼻部观察类形态特征在性别和地区间的差异。方法 2015~2019年，采集河南省、江苏省和广西壮族自治区汉族样本（分别为1022例、963例、1017例）的8项鼻部观察类形态特征指标，数据整理后进行性别间和人群间的统计学差异检验，并采用多重对应分析考察鼻部形态特征的地区差异。结果 3个汉族人群的绝大多数鼻部观察类形态特征在性别间和地区间存在明显的统计学差异。在多重对应分析图维度1上，河南和江苏汉族人群鼻部形态特征相似度较高，而广西与前两个地区的鼻部形态特征差异较大；对维度一贡献最大的鼻部形态特征为鼻尖形状、鼻翼高度和鼻翼突度。结论 鼻部观察类形态特征存在较大的性别和地区间差异，而不同地区汉族人群间的差异主要体现在鼻尖和鼻翼部分。

Regional differences of nasal discrete traits in Han Chinese

Objective To explore the gender and regional differences of the nasal discrete traits in Han ethnic groups.Methods From 2015 to 2019, eight nasal discrete traits were observed in three Han ethnic groups from Henan, Jiangsu and Guangxi, with sample size of 1022, 963, and 1017, respectively. The statistical tests were performed on gender and regional level, and the multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to study the correlation between these morphological traits and regions. Results Most nasal discrete traits showed significant statistical differences within gender, and exhibit differences in regional populations. In dimension 1 (Dim 1) of MCA figures, samples in Guangxi separate from the other two regions’, while there was considerable overlap between samples from Henan and Jiangsu. Among eight nasal discrete traits, the shape of nasal tip, alae nasi height and alae nasi projection contribute most to Dim1. Conclusion Nasal tip and nasal wings exhibited significant regional differences in Han Chinese.