新疆不同地区柯尔克孜族成人容貌特征差异*

目的：探讨新疆不同地区柯尔克孜族成人头面部特征差异，为体质人类学的研究积累资料。方法：随机抽取居住在北疆（ 塔城地区）和南疆（ 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州）头面部无畸形柯尔克孜族成人为研究对象，根据《人体测量方法》对上眼睑皱褶、颧部突出度、蒙古褶、鼻根高度等20 项头面部指标进行观察与记录，获得有效样本1 264 例（ 其中南疆1 046 例，北疆218 例）。所得数据录入SPSS 20.0 软件包，进行频数分析、 χ2 检验等统计学处理。结果：除鼻基底方向、鼻孔最大径位置、蒙古褶、眼裂高度和颏部5 项指标出现率以外，其他15 项头面部观察指标出现率均存在地区差异；鼻根高度、眉毛、眉弓粗壮度和前额发际4 项指标出现率存在性别差异。结论：北疆柯尔克孜族成人与辽宁汉族、满族和黑龙江满族成人头面部特征相似。南疆柯尔克孜族与北疆柯尔克孜族头面部特征存在差异。

Facial characteristics of Kirgiz adults in Xinjiang autonomous region*

Objective To investigate the differences in head and face observation indexes of the Kirgiz adults inXinjiang， and to accumulate data for the study of physical anthropology. Methods The healthy Kirgiz adults livingin northern Xinjiang（ Tacheng area） and southern Xinjiang（ Kizilsu Kirghiz autonomous prefecture） were randomlyselected as subjects. According to the "Anthropometric Methods"， 20 head and face indicators such as eyefold ofupper eyelid， zygomatic projection， Mongoloid fold， and nasal root height were observed and recorded， and 1 264effective samples were obtained （ including 1 046 cases in southern Xinjiang and 218 cases in northern Xinjiang）.The data obtained were entered into the SPSS 20.0 software package for statistical analysis such as frequency analysisand chi-square test. Results Except for the nose base depanment， the maximal diameter of nostrils，the Mongoloidfold， the opening height of eyeslits and the chin index， there were regional differences in the other 15 head and faceobservation indexes ； there were gender differences in the nasal root height，the eyebrow，the eyebrow arch stiffnessand the forehead hair point. Conclusion The Kirgiz adults of northern Xinjiang have facial features similar to thoseof Liaoning Han， Man， and Heilongjiang Man. There are differences in head and facial features between the Kirgizpeople of southern Xinjiang and the Kir giz people of northern Xinjiang.