基于防腐标本的胫腓连结解剖特点及临床意义

目的 基于防腐标本胫腓连结的解剖特点，探讨胫腓连结的临床意义。方法 选取西南医科大学的51份胫腓连结防腐标本，通过对标本进行解剖，观察其结构解剖特点，并测量胫腓连结相关几何数据。结果 分别测量胫腓前、后、下横韧带的几何数据，用均值±标准差描述，包括：胫腓前韧带近端长度、远端长度、宽度分别为（8.53±0.69、19.06±1.34、15.99±1.44）mm；胫腓后韧带近端长度、远端长度、宽度分别为（9.34±0.63、16.92±1.76、14.36±0.89）mm；胫腓横韧带近端长度、远端长度、宽度分别为（18.42±2.48、21.93±2.59、4.56±0.17）mm；胫腓前韧带与冠状面夹角、与水平面夹角分别为（20.49±4.86、42.20±3.42）°；胫腓后韧带与冠状面夹角、与水平面夹角分别为（13.2±2.06、40.92±3.13）°；胫腓横韧带与冠状面夹角、与水平面夹角分别为（13.45±1.57、32.73±3.70）°；数据分析显示，胫腓前、后、横韧带在男女之间差异存在统计学意义，而在左右足之间差异无统计学意义。结论 胫腓连结对踝关节的稳定性具有重要意义，其解剖结构对临床治疗有重要指导意义。

Anatomy and clinical significance of the tibiofibular syndesmosis on anticorrosive specimens#br#

Objective To research the clinical significance of the tibiofibular syndesmosis based on the anatomical characteristics of the tibiofibular syndesmosis.Methods A total of 51 tibiofibular syndesmosis collected from Southwest Medical University were measured based on the anatomical characteristics of the lower tibia and fibula of anticorrosive specimens.Results The geometrical data of the anterior tibiofibular ligament, posterior tibiofibular ligament and transverse tibiofibular ligament were measured respectively, and mean ± standard deviation was described. Include: the length, width, thickness of the anterior tibiofibular ligament (8.53±0.69, 19.06±1.34, 15.99±1.44) mm, the length, width, thickness of the posterior tibiofibular ligament (9.34±0.63, 16.92±1.76, 14.36±0.89) mm, the length, width, thickness of the transverse tibiofibular ligament (18.42±2.48, 21.93±2.59, 4.56±0.17) mm. The angel between the anterior tibiofibular ligament and the coronal surface and the angle of the horizontal plane were (20.49±4.86, 42.20±3.42)°. The angel between the posterior tibiofibular ligament and the coronal surface and the angle of the horizontal plane were (13.2±2.06, 40.92±3.13) °. The angel between the transverse tibiofibular ligament and the coronal surface and the angle of the horizontal plane were (13.45±1.57, 32.73±3.70)°. According to the data analysis, theanterior, posterior and transverse tibiofibular ligaments have statistical difference between men and women, but there is no statistical difference between left and right feet.Conclusion The tibiofibular syndesmosis is of great significance to the stability of the ankle joint and the anatomical structure has important guiding significance for clinical treatment.