Portable lead analyzer to locate source of lead |
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Authors: | A. Kuruvilla V. V. Pillay T. Venkatesh P. Adhikari M. Chakrapani C. S. Clark H. D’Souza G. Menezes N. Nayak R. Clark S. Sinha |
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Affiliation: | (1) Poison Control Centre, Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Cochin;(2) National Referral Centre for Lead Poisoning in India, St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore;(3) University of Cincinnati, USA;(4) Awen Gaia Environmental Consultants (P) Ltd, Bangalore, India;(5) Kasturba Medical College, 575001 Mangalore |
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Abstract: | Objective :To investigate the sources of lead in the environment in children with elevated blood, with the help of a Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer.Methods : One hundred and seven school children were chosen for this study on a random basis, from Mangalore and Karnataka. Their blood lead was analyzed. Of the cases analyzed, 10 students whose blood lead level was more than 40 μg/dl were investigated using a field portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer. This is the first time such a device has been available for this purpose in India.Results: The ‘likely’ source of lead exposure could be determined in eight cases which was from the immediate environment of the children like ‘lead-based’ paint on surfaces in the house, on playground and other exterior equipment; lead storage batteries, contaminated dust and soil and other lead-containing substances.Conclusion: The use of an X-Ray Fluorescence Analyser appeared to be useful in determining the source of lead |
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Keywords: | Sources of lead Environment X-ray fluorescence analyzer School children Blood lead level |
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