肠淤血大鼠肠神经系统内胆碱能和氮能神经的改变

目的研究肠淤血大鼠肠神经系统内乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）神经元和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）神经元的改变，以探讨肠淤血影响肠道运动功能的神经机制。方法SD大鼠分成实验组（依据肠道淤血时间分为肠淤血20min组、60min组）和对照组，取各组相同部位的回肠，制作肠肌间神经丛铺片标本，采用AchE和NADPH-d组化染色，观察比较各组AchE、NOS阳性神经元的分布密度和染色情况。结果与对照组比较，实验组大鼠的回肠肌间神经丛内AchE阳性神经元数量减少（P〈0．01），阳性表达减弱，而NOS阳性神经元数量增多（P〈0．01），阳性表达增强；与肠淤血20min组比较，60min组AchE阳性神经元较少（P〈0．01），胞体染色较浅，而NOS阳性神经元数量较多（P〈0．01），胞体大而染色深，但节间束NOS阳性神经纤维稀少。结论肠淤血会影响或损伤肠神经系统的胆碱能和氮能神经，这可能是肠淤血后肠道运动功能障碍发生的神经机制。

The changes of acetylcholinesterase and nitric oxide synthase neuron in rat enteric nervous system after intestine congestion

Objective To explore the nervous mechanism of intestinal function disorder after intestine congestion through observing the changes of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) neuron and nitric oxide synthase neuron (NOS) expression in nervous system of rat intestinal tract. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were divided into experimental groups (intestine congestion 20min and 60min group) and the control group. Then the spreading specimens of intestinal myen-teric plexus of ileums were collected and stained by AchE and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-D (NADPH-d) histochemistry, to observe and compare the density of distribution and staining of AchE and NOS positive neurons. Result Compared to the control group, the number and positive expression of AchE positive neuron in intestinal myen-teric plexus of ileums in the experimental group rats decreased (P<0.01), but the number and positive expression of NOS positive neuron increased (P<0.01). In the experimental groups, as compared with those in the 20min group, the number of AchE positive neuron decreased (P<0.01) and the soma were shallowly stained, and the number of NOS positive neuron increased (P<0.01) and the soma were bigger and more deeply stained in the 60 min group than that in the 20 min group, but NOS positive nerve fibers between ganglions were fewer. Conclusion Intestinal motor dysfunction resulting from intestine congestion is related to the acetylcholinesterase and NOS nervous damage of enteric nervous system.