甘肃产当归生态适宜性研究

目的研究甘肃省当归Angelica sinensis的生态适宜性,指导甘肃产当归的合理栽培。方法通过走访和实地调查,从甘肃当归栽培县区采集不同分布地点的样品共计1 545份,使用GPS获取每个采样点的经度、纬度、海拔等相关地理信息,结合全国生态环境因子数据,利用Maxent模型和ArcGIS软件的空间分析功能进行分析。结果当归分布适宜度较高的区域在甘肃省东南部。影响当归适宜性分布的主要生态因子为海拔高度、3月份降雨量、5月份降雨量、最湿月降雨量、12月份降雨量、土壤酸碱度。结论研究结果与当归多生长于海拔2 000～3 000 m的高寒山区及高原平坦牧场地带,喜气候凉爽,土壤水分适中,微酸性至中性肥沃疏松棕褐沙壤土基本一致,可为甘肃省当归栽培区域的合理分布提供科学依据。

Study on ecological suitability of Angelica sinensis in Gansu Province

Objective To study the ecological suitability of Angelica sinensis growing in Gansu Province and guide the rational cultivation. Methods Through visiting and field investigation, 1 545 batches of Chinese angelica samples were collected from the county areas in Gansu Province. The information about the longitude, latitude, altitude of each sampling point was collected by using the GPS, combining with national environmental factor data, and using Maxent model and spatial analysis function of ArcGIS software. Results The areas with high suitability of A. sinensis distribution are in the southeast of Gansu Province. The main ecological factors affecting the suitability distribution of A. sinensis were altitude, rainfall in March, May and December, wettest month precipitation, soil pH and other ecological factors. Conclusion The research findings are basically consistent with the living habits of A. sinensis that cultivated in high-cold mountain areas and plateau flat pasture areas with a cool climate, moderate soil, moisture, slightly acidic to neutral fertile and loose brown sandy loam soil. This result can provide scientific basis for the reasonable distribution of A. sinensis cultivation area in Gansu Province.