2005-2015年上海市输入性血吸虫病疫情风险分析

目的 了解2005-2015年上海市输入性血吸虫病疫情动态及其主要影响因素。方法 采用回顾性调查方法，收集2005-2015年上海市输入性血吸虫病疫情、螺情、流动人口等数据，建立数据库并分析。结果 11年间，上海市流动人口增长了123.92%，达981.65万，其中54.70%的流动人口分布在近郊。上海市累计在4个远郊区（不含崇明区）的16个镇查出有螺面积7.13 hm2；共发现23例输入性血吸虫病病例，输入性血吸虫病疫情呈下降趋势（rs = -0.782，P = 0.004）。2005-2009年，84.62% （11/13）的输入性血吸虫病病例分布在同期无钉螺发现的近郊区；2010-2015年，90% （9/10）输入性血吸虫病病例分布在同期有钉螺查出的远郊区。结论 上海市输入性血吸虫病疫情总体呈下降趋势，但其对血吸虫病防治成果巩固的威胁仍不容忽视。

Risk analysis of imported schistosomiasis in Shanghai City from 2005 to 2015

Objective To understand the risk situation of imported schistosomiasis and its main influencing factors in Shanghai City from 2005 to 2015. Methods A retrospective survey was performed， and the database was established based on the data collection of imported schistosomiasis， Oncomelania hupensis snail situation and mobile population in Shanghai City from 2005 to 2015. Results From 2005 to 2015， the mobile population in Shanghai City increased by 123.92%， which reached about 9 816 500， and 54.70% of them were located in the inner suburban districts. The accumulated areas with snails of 7.13 hm2 were found in 16 towns of 4 outer suburbs （excluding Chongming District）. A total of 23 cases of imported schistosomiasis were found in Shanghai City， and the number of the imported schistosomiasis cases was on the downward trend （rs = -0.782， P =0.004）. From 2005 to 2009， 11 out of 13 imported schistosomiasis cases （84.62%） were distributed in the inner suburban districts where no O. hupensis snails were found at the same time. From 2010 to 2015， 9 out of 10 imported schistosomiasis cases （90%） were distributed in the outer suburban districts where O. hupensis snails were found at the same time. Conclusion The number of imported schistosomiasis cases in Shanghai is on the downward trend. However， the threat of imported schistosomiasis to the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Shanghai City should not be ignored.