学龄前儿童血铅水平研究

目的　了解北京市推广使用无铅汽油后学龄前儿童血铅水平。方法　采用ASV方法对 136 0名 2～ 6岁保健门诊儿童血铅水平进行测定 ,同期检测 6 16名幼儿园儿童并比较。结果　检测 1976名儿童中 ,铅中毒 (血铅水平 >10 μg/dl,1μg/dl=0 .0 4 83μmol/L)儿童 2 5 8人 ,占 13.1% ,幼儿园和儿童保健门诊儿童平均血铅水平分别为 (4 .93± 3.3) μg/dl、(6 .6 2± 4 .5 7) μg/dl,两组间差异有显著性P <0 .0 0 1。 结论　北京市儿童血铅水平及流行率明显下降 ,幼儿园儿童低于保健门诊儿童。

Study of blood lead levels of preschool children

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the blood lead levels of children after introducing lead-free gasoline in Beijing.Methods:The blood lead levels of 1 360 children,who were out-patients suspected lead poisoning and aged from 2 to 6 years, were determined by Anodic Stripping Voltametry(ASV), and 616 from infants school were in control group. Results:258 children (13.1%) were found to be suffering from lead poisoning (≥10 μg/dl, 1 μg/dl=0.0483 μmol/L). The blood lead levels of children from infants school and children care out-patient department were (4.93±3.3)μg/dl, (6.62±4.57)μg/dl respectively, and significant difference was observed between the two groups(P<0.001). Conclusions: Blood lead levels of children in Beijing and the prevalence of lead poisoning were both relatively declined. Blood lead levels were lower in children from infants' school than from children care out-patient department.