阿罗格脱敏治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效观察及护理

目的探讨阿罗格特异性脱敏疫苗治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效及护理要点。方法采用阿罗格特异性脱敏疫苗，对578例过敏性鼻炎患者行皮下深部轮换注射，同时对患者进行护理指导，疗程1．5-2年。观察脱敏前后症状、体征分级，对症治疗需求情况。结果578例中有112例因各种原因退出治疗，余下466例中297例已完成全部治疗，其中显效56例（占18．9％），有效198例（占66．6％），无效43例（占14．5％），总有效率85．5％。治疗前后症状、体征分级情况差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），治疗后对症治疗需求大大减少，前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论阿罗格特异性脱敏疫苗是一种安全有效的药物，具有疗效可靠、耐受性好等特点。因治疗过程长，护士给予心理护理和定期随访，是提高治疗依从性及治疗效果的关键。

Effect of Allergopharma on Allergic Rhinitis and the Care Strategy

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of allergopharma on allergic rhinitis and the care strategy. Methods 578 cases with allergic rhinitis were treated by subcutaneouly injecting allergopharma at 4 different dosages in three phases for a total course of 1.5-2 years. Nursing instructions were done to them at the same time. The three aspects like symptoms before and after desensitization treatments, grading of physical signs, and needs for symptomatic treatment were observed. Results 112 of them quitted for certain kinds of reasons and the rest 297 finished the treatment, among whom 56 （18.9%） achieved excellent therapeutic effect, 198 （66.6%） rather effect and 43 （14.5%） no effect, with a total effectiveness rate of 85.5%. There were significant differences in respect of symptoms and grading of physical signs between pre-desensitization and post-desensitization （P〈0.01）. After treatment, needs for symptomatic treatment were to a great extent reduced （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Allergopharma, as specific desensitizing vaccine, is safe and effective. Due to its long-term course, regular follow-up and mental care by nurses are keys for the improvement of compliance and the therapeutic effect.