老年人慢性肾功能不全与脑小血管病变

目的 探讨老年人慢性肾功能不全(CKD)与脑小血管病变(SVD)的关系.方法 老年CKD组152例和老年对照受试者158例,均为男性,记录人口学资料和血管危险因素,根据头颅MRI结果 半定量评估脑白质病变(WML)和计算腔隙性梗死数(LI). 结果 (1)与对照组比较,老年CKD组高血压(30.9%对19.0%)、糖尿病(23.7%对14.6%)患病率明显升高(X2值分别为5.91和4.19,P<0.05);(2)与对照组比较,老年CKD组WML2级(34.9%对24.1%)和3级(25.7%对16.5%)比率明显升高(X2=4.37和3.96,P<0.05);LI患病率明显升高,为45.4%对25.3%(X2=13.70,P<0.05);除外高血压和糖尿病对照组仍得到类似的结果 ;(3)多元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、高血压和肾小球滤过率(GFR)与老年CKD患者SVD的发生密切关联(OR值分别为3.47、3.63和1.91). 结论 高血压和糖尿病町能是老年CKD的危险因素;老年CKD与脑SVD密切关联;年龄、高血压和GFR降低可能是老年CKD患者脑SVD的独立危险因素.

Relationship between chronic kidney disease and cerebral small vessel disease in elderly patients

Objective To explore the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) in elderly patients. Methods One hundred and fifty-two elderly male CKD patients for experimental group and 158 elderly male for control group were recruited. Demographic data and vascular risk factors were recorded. White matter lesion (WML) was semi-quantitatively assessed by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and lacunar infarction (LI) was also calculated. Results (1) The prevalenees of hypertentsion and diabetes mellitus were higher in elderly CKD patients than those in control group (30. 9% vs. 19.0%, 23.7%vs. 14.6%;both P～0. 05). (2) The percentages of grade 2 and grade 3 WMLs were higher in elderly CKD patients than those in control group (34.9% vs. 24.1%, 25.7% vs. 16.5%;both P<0.05). Prevalence of LI was higher in elderly CKD patients than that in control group (45.4% vs.25.3% ,X2= 13. 70, P<0. 05). The similar Results were also obtained except for control subjects with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. (3) The logistic regression analysis showed that age, hypertension and low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were closely associated with SVD in elderly CKD patients. Conclusions Hypertention and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for CKD in elderly patients. SVD is associated with CKD, and age, hypertension and low GFR may be risk factors for SVD in elderly CKD patients.