改良德尔菲法在学校卫生标准制定中的应用

目的:利用改良德尔菲法制定学校卫生标准, 探讨该法在卫生标准制定中的可行性及优势。方法:通过两轮专家咨询, 收集专家意见, 利用SPSS15.0进行数据统计与分析, 筛选学校卫生标准的指标。结果:共有32名专家完成了两轮咨询, 专家工作年限为(24.69±8.53)年, 专家的权威系数为0.729±0.172;前后两轮的专家积极系数分别为94.12%和100%, 第2轮咨询中各指标必要性、可行性、合理性的协调系数分别为0.493(P<0.05), 0.527(P<0.01), 0.535(P<0.01), 说明专家的认识已趋于一致;依据第2轮咨询结果, 按照预定的纳入标准, 最终有38项三级指标进入学生宿舍卫生标准框架。结论:学校卫生标准的制定除了目前常用的理论分析、文献查阅、现场调查等方法外, 德尔菲法不失为一种快速、有效、可行的方法。

Modified Delphi method in the constitution of school sanitation standard

Objective: To constitute school sanitation standard using modified Delphi method, and to explore the feasibility and the predominance of Delphi method in the constitution of school sanitation standard.
Methods: Two rounds of expert consultations were adopted in this study. The data were analyzed with SPSS15.0 to screen indices of school sanitation standard.
Results: Thirty-two experts accomplished the 2 rounds of consultations. The average length of expert service was (24.69?8.53) years. The authority coefficient was 0.729?0.172. The expert positive coefficient was 94.12% (32/34) in the first round and 100% (32/32) in the second round. The harmonious coefficients of importance, feasibility and rationality in the second round were 0.493 (P<0.05), 0.527 (P<0.01), and 0.535 (P<0.01), respectively, suggesting unanimous expert opinions. According to the second round of consultation, 38 indices were included in the framework.
Conclusion: The oretical analysis, literature review, investigation and so on are generally used in health standard constitution currently. Delphi method is a rapid, effective and feasible method in this field.