广州市农村居民健康素养现状及策略研究

目的了解广州市农村居民健康素养现况,为制定有针对性干预措施和政策提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在全市农村地区共抽取630名18～69岁常住人口进行健康素养调查。结果广州市农村居民具备健康素养的比例为18.22%,具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能的比例分别为33.17%、7.64%和45.53%。具备科学健康观、传染病预防素养、慢性病预防素养、安全与急救素养和基本医疗素养比例分别为63.09%、31.06%、26.83%、40.65%和13.98%。结论健康生活方式与行为和基本医疗素养比例低,健康素养水平不均衡,应针对农村居民的特点,制定相应的健康素养策略,全面提升健康素养水平。

Study on health literacy of rural residents and strategy in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate and understand the status of health literacy among rural residents in Guangzhou,and provide evidence for developing appropriate intervention measures and strategies of health literacy.Methods Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling,630 rural residents aged 18-69 years old who are permanent populations were investigated with the questionnaire of health literacy.Results Health literacy rate was 18.22%.The health literacy rates in the 3 health-literacy-related aspects as basic health concept and knowledge,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and health related skills were 33.17%,7.64% and 45.53% respectively.The health literacy rates of 5 health issues as attitude towards health,infectious diseases prevention,chronic non-communicable diseases prevention,safety and first aid,and basic medical care among Guangzhou residents were 63.09%,31.06%,26.83%,40.65% and 13.98% respectively.Conclusion The low rate of healthy lifestyle and behaviors and basic medical care,health literacy level is not balanced,the characteristics of rural residents to develop appropriate health literacy to raise the overall level of health.