2型糖尿病患者低血糖恐惧-行为量表的研制及信效度分析

目的：制定适合国内2型糖尿病患者使用的低血糖恐惧-行为量表，并检验其信效度。方法：以知信行理论及社会认知理论为理论基础，根据2型糖尿病患者低血糖恐惧行为访谈结果，并参照国外量表内容、文献资料及专家意见构建条目池，经研究小组讨论、收集患者意见、专家函询形成初版量表。以多中心便利抽样法选取351名过去6个月内有过低血糖经历的2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查，分析该量表的信度和效度。 结果：所编制的低血糖恐惧-行为量表由19个条目组成。量表条目内容效度指数为0.84~1.00，量表平均内容效度指数为0.97；探索性因子分析共提取3个公因子，分别命名为回避、谨慎、维持高血糖，累积方差贡献率46%；量表的重测信度为0.924，Cronbach’s α系数为0.845。结论：研究编制的低血糖恐惧-行为量表有较好的信度和效度，能够作为2型糖尿病患者低血糖恐惧行为的测评工具，为开展和实施低血糖恐惧患者的临床教育工作提供依据。

Reliability and validity analysis of the self-made fear-behavior scale of hypoglycemia for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective: To design of the fear-behavior scale of hypoglycemia suitable for domestic patients wity type 2 diabetes, and test its reliability and validity. Methods: Based on the theory of knowledge-attitude-belief-practice and social cognitive theory, this article constructed an item pool according to the qualitative interviews with type 2 diabetes patients, the review of foreign scales, literatures and expert opinions. After group discussion, patients’ opinions collection and expert consultation, the test version of the scale was obtained. The scale was tested in 351 type 2 diabetes patients who had hypoglycemia within 6 months by multi-centers purposive sampling method for measuring the scale’s reliability and validity. Results: The validity index of item-level content was 0.84~1.00, the validity index of scale-level content was 0.97. Through the exploratory factor analysis, 3 factors were extracted, named avoidance, caution, and maintain high blood glucose, respectively, which accounted for 46% of the total variance. The test-retested reliability of the scale was 0.924, Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.845. Conclusion: The self-made fear-behavior scale of hypoglycemia has good reliability and validity, and can be used to evaluate the fear behavior in type 2 diabetes patients, so as to provide the evidence to stuff for the clinical education.