广州市区小学生营养状况调查

本文意旨是对小学生营养状况的研究。包括膳食、营养缺乏病的临床检查和血、尿的生化检验三部分。1985年4、5月对广州市区1786名小学生进行了调查,并应用APPLEⅡ型微电脑进行数据处理。结果提示:他们从膳食摄入的热量为1910千卡,蛋白质为50.5克。特别是早餐摄入热量太少,小于5-10％总热量的人占63.55％。维生素A、钙和维生素B_2、B_1摄入量尤其不足。营养状况体查发现少数人有以上营养素缺乏体征;生化检验发现大部分人尿中维生素B_1、B_2排出量低于正常。上述情况可能与维生素A、B_2、B_1的摄入不足有关。铁摄取量虽然超过供给量标准,但发现其血红蛋白低于正常值(12g/dl)的人占61.3％。调查结果说明,小学生营养状况迫切需要改善。建议提高早餐热量供给,增加乳、蛋、肉类食物的摄入,以补充蛋白质、钙、维生素A、B_2的不足。

NUTRITION SURVEY OF PUPILS IN GUANGZHOU

A nutrition survey was carried out on 1786 primary school pupils in Guangzhou from April to May, 1985. The survey consisted of 3 parts die- tary survey, clinical examination of nutritional deficiency diseases and bio- chemical determinations of blood and urine. Calculations and statistical analysis were done by using microcomputer(Appe II). The results showed. The average dialy caloric and protein intakes was 1910 kcal and 50.5 gram respectively. The intake of breakfast was especially poor, 63.55% of the pupils taking less than 5-10% of the daily caloric-intake. Vit A, Calcium, Riboflavin and Thiamine intakes were insufficient. Phy- sical examination referred to nutritional status revealed that a few pupils show signs of nutrient deficiency. Urine contents of Vitamin B_1, B_2 were lower than normal in most of th pupils examined. Insufficient intake of Vit A, Riboflavin, and Thiamine may be responsible for the deficiency. Although iron intake exceeded the allowance, yet hemoglobin content was below normal leve 1(12gm/dl) in 61.3% of the pupils. The results of the survey clearly show the urgeent need of impro- vement in the nutritional status of the primary school children. We suggest that more caloric should be supplied at breakfast and milk, egg and meat are increased to make up for VitA, VitB_2.