鼻腔护理预防经鼻气管插管全麻术后下呼吸道感染的效果观察

目的探讨鼻腔护理对经鼻气管插管全麻术后预防下呼吸道感染的临床护理效果。方法选取本院麻醉科2012年2月~2013年1月经鼻气管插管全麻手术患者648例,随机分为观察组及对照组各324例。对照组插管前采用传统常规鼻腔护理后行气管插管。观察组术前1d用35~38℃的生理盐水,作为冲洗液,进行1~2次鼻腔冲洗护理,插管前采用0.1%聚维酮碘进行鼻腔消毒。并排除原有慢性呼吸道疾病及已发生下呼吸道感染者。结果观察组患者下呼吸道感染率为8.02%,对照组患者感染率为11.42%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论经鼻气管插管全麻手术患者术前给予鼻腔护理干预措施,可有效预防和延缓下呼吸道感染的发生。

Effect observation for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections by nasal intubation after general anesthesia

Objective To study the clinical care results of nasal care for nasotracheal intubation for prevention of postoperative lower respiratory tract infection.Method 648 cases with menstrual nasal intubation anesthesia in our hospital anesthesiology from February 2012 to January 2013 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,324 cases in each group.Patients in control group was given traditional conventional nasal intubation tracheal intubation care.Patients in observation group one day before surgery was given saline with temperature of 35~38 ℃ as the washing fluid for 1to 2times a nasal irrigation treatments,before intubation using0.1% povidone-iodine nasal disinfection.The pre-existing chronic respiratory disease and lower respiratory tract infections have excluded.Result The patients with lower respiratory tract infection rate was 1.23% in observation group.Infection rate for the control group were was 4.63%.There was significant difference in infection rate between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Nasotracheal intubation for patients with preoperative nasal surgery care interventions can be effective in preventing and delaying the lower respiratory tract infection.