石棉工人肺功能与X射线胸片变化关系的研究

目的 探讨石棉工人肺功能与X射线胸片变化之间的关系。为早期发现石棉肺和对石棉肺患者肺代偿功能评价提供客观依据。方法 接触组为某温石棉制品厂134名男工，对照组为同一地区不接触粉尘，劳动强度与研究组工人大体相似的某仪表厂135名男工，对肺功能测定和X射线胸片检查结果进行对比分析。结果 胸膜和肺组织均有纤维化者，肺功能均明显下降。呈混合性肺功能障碍的特点；弥漫性胸膜增厚则与FVC，FEV1.0,FEV1.0/FVC%,DLco和Kco均呈显著负相关（r值分别为-0.20,-0.26,-0.21,-0.27,-0.19)。单纯胸膜斑与Kco呈正相关（r=0.23)；胸膜病变范围越大，肺功能损害也越严重。呈限制性肺功能障碍的特征。结论 石棉工人肺代偿功能指标的异常。可以早期反映肺内纤维化和胸膜病变的程度和范围。

Study on Relationship between Pulmonary Function and Radiographic Changes in Asbestos Workers

Objective To explore the relationship between pulmonary function and radiographic changes and provide evidence for early detection of asbestosis and for assessment of pulmonary compensation function in asbestosis workers.Methods 134 asbestos workers were chosen as the exposure group,while 135 workers from an instrument plant who never exposed to dust and with similar work intensity from the same area were chosen as the control group.Pulmonary function and X ray chest examination were conducted fot these two groups.Results Those with pleural and pulmonary fibrosis had significantly reduced pulmonary function in asbestos workers and showed the characteristic complex pulmonary function disorder.Diffused pleural thickening had negative correlation with FVC,FEV 1 0 ,FEV 1^0 /FVC%,DLco and Kco(r=-0^2,-0^26,-0^21,-0^27,and -0^19).Simple calcified pleura showed positive correlation with Kco(r=0^23).The larger the extent of pathologic changes in pleura,the severer the pulmonary function injured showing restricted pulmonary function disorder.Conclusions Changes of pulmonary function in asbestos workers can early reflect the extent and degree of pulmonary fibrosis and pleural injury