医疗质量及其评价指标概述

医疗质量指标作为质量评价的重要工具，需要从大量的科学研究和应用实践中提炼得到，并经过效度、精度等方面深入、系统的分析，使评价结果的偏倚达到最小。很多国家和组织已逐步建立了自己的医疗质量评价方法和指标体系，并且广泛应用于医疗质量管理。我国目前还没有成熟的、可用于医疗质量评价和控制的主流指标体系，传统的指标大多未经过深入、系统的考核，也没有完善的患者分类和指标调整方案，结果缺乏真实性和权威性，未能发挥指导医疗质量改进的作用。急需借鉴国外经验，加强医疗质量评价方法研究。

General Introduction of Medical Quality and Indicators

As a tool for quality evaluation of medical care, a quality indicator system should be developed by scientific research. Every indicator must be systematically analyzed and assessed in validity, precision, and the bias of quality evaluation result be minimized. Many countries and international organizations have had their evaluation methods and quality indicator systems being used in quality management of medical service. In China, there haven＇t a well--defined medical quality indicator system that could be used in quality evaluation and control. Empirical indicators haven＇t been verified thoroughly in validity and clinical value. The result of quality evaluation is not authentic because of lack of risk-- adjustment for indicator comparison as well. Thus, quality indicators are incapable of guiding quality improvement of medical care. Therefore, research on quality evaluation methods is urgently needed in China at present.