居家环境致跌因素评估在提高老人对致跌危险因素的认识中的作用

目的 观察广州市区老年居民现存的居家环境致跌危险因素的概况，并将观察结果与被调查的认识作对比，评估居家致跌危险因素在提高老年人居家致跌危险因素中认识中的作用。方法 共调查415名广州市区老年居民，观察其家中的居家环境致跌危险因素；询问他们认为自己家中是否存在7个方面的居家环境致跌危险因素，并就具体因素逐项提问。收集到的数据进行分析。结果 调查对象家中普遍存在居家环境致跌 危险因素。观察得出的现存居家环境致跌危险因素存在率显高于被调查自己认识的存在率。结论 老年居民家中普遍存在各种居家环境致跌危险因素。卫生工作通过观察得出的居家环境致跌危险因素存在率更为可靠。居家环境致跌危险因素评估本身具有提高致跌危险因素认识的作用。

Home Fall Hazards Assessment in Raising the Awareness of HFH among the Elderly

Objective To observe the actual home fall hazards (HFH) in homes of elderly in Guangzhou and compare the results with the HFH perceived by the elderly persons themselves, and evaluate the usefulness of HFH assessment (HFHA) in raising the HFH awareness among the elderly Methods 415 urban residents in Guangzhou were recruited by convenience sampling Actual HFHs of their homes were observed by health workers interviewers The interviewees were asked about their awareness of HFHs the data were analyzed Results Various environmental fall hazards were observed in the homes of the elderly The existence rates of HFH of most items in the categories of staircase, gate, bedroom, toilet, kitchen, and difficulty in motion assessed by interviewers which were >4% were significantly higher than those assessed by the interviewees themselves The HFH awareness rates assessed by the interviewees while asked in a general form were significantly lower than those while asked item by item Conclusion Home fall hazards universally exist in the homes of the elderly The HFH rates assessed by health workers are more reliable HFHA itself plays an educative role