婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的早期诊断和预防

目的探讨改善婴幼儿铁营养状态的措施。方法通过对健康婴幼儿末梢血常规及微量元素铁测定值的分析,探索提示小儿铁营养不足的客观指标。结果 (1)婴幼儿缺铁率及贫血率与月龄有密切关系,年龄越小越易发生;(2)小细胞、低色素的发生率及缺铁率与血红蛋白的含量具有相关性;(3)随着血红蛋白(Hb)含量的增加,平均红细胞体积(MCV)和平均血红蛋白量(MCH)的均值也增加,末梢血铁元素含量也增加,具有明显的趋势性。结论检测末梢血常规及微量元素铁含量对判断婴幼儿铁营养状态有一定帮助,当Hb值正常或偏低时,若MCV小,MCH低,再结合营养发育史或铁元素含量,即可考虑小儿有铁营养不足,建议间断给予小剂量铁剂治疗或食用铁强化食品,可以增加补铁依从性,减少缺铁性贫血的发生。

Iron deficiency early diagnosis and prevention for infants

Objective To explore the improve methods of infant iron deficiency.Methods Through the analysis of infants’ peripheral blood and trace elements iron value,and to find the objective indicator for infant iron deficiency.Results The prevalence of infant iron deficiency and anemia declined along with the increasing of months age;Prevalence of cellule,low pigment and iron deficiency were related to the content of hemoglobin;along with the increasing of hemoglobin,the mean value of Mean corpuscular volume(MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) increased,and iron element content also increased.Conclusions Detection of peripheral blood and trace elements iron content are helpful to judge infant iron status.When an infant’s hemoglobin is normal or low,if MCV is small and MCH is low,combining with the nutritional history or the content of iron,he or she may be considered as iron deficiency.Iron therapy with small doses or iron fortified food should be offered;these methods can increase compliance of iron supplement,and reduce the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia.