早期护理干预对剖宫产新生儿健康的影响

目的探讨早期护理干预对剖宫产新生儿健康的影响。方法对1206例剖宫产新生儿按随机数字法分为观察组606例和对照组600例，观察组回房后母子皮肤接触，并吸吮乳汁，随后隔2—3h喂剖宫产奶粉1次（含有生物活性肽），喂奶前可施行抚触及平衡训练，出院后依据0～3岁小儿智能发育规律及教育大纲，并随访干预治疗至2岁；对照组在常规观察护理的基础上，按照传统的方法进行喂养。比较两组效果。结果观察组与对照组剖宫产新生儿神经行为（NBNA）出生后30d视觉[（1．89±0．30）分比（1．54±0．15）分]、听觉[（1．90±0．46）分比（1．53±0．40）分]、触觉[（1．95±0．63）分比（1．56±0．35）分]等适应能力比较差异均有统计学意义（t分别为8．886，5．472，4．861；P〈0．01）。观察组剖宫产新生儿近期并发症发生率25．92％，对照组62．83％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=11．392，P〈0．01）；远期影响比较差异有统计学意义（x2分别为4．076，6．041，4．076，4．969；P〈0．05）；在3，6，12，18，24个月龄观察组剖宫产新生儿发育商（DQ）明显优于对照组（t分别为5．503，3．833，6．861，7．514，7．693；P〈0．01）。结论早期护理干预对剖宫产新生儿健康安全有效的治疗方法，有利于提高新生儿的生活质量，此方法简便、易行，值得推广。

Effect of early nursing intervention on the health of cesarean section of infants

Objective To investigate nutrition and nursing intervention on the health effects of caesarean section of infants. Methods 1 206 cases of cesarean section on infants were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group included 606 cases and the controlled group included 600 cases. The cases of the observation group came back into the wards after skin contact with mother, and were given the milk from mother, and then were given milk （which has biological active peptides）every 2 to 3 hours. The skin contact and balance training were given before feeding. The cesarean section children were followed up to 2 years old which was based on the regularly intellect development and education outlines. 600 cases of the controlled group were fed by traditional methods, based on the routine observation. Results The neurobehavioral （NBNA） of observation group on visual, hearing, touch and ability of adaption assessment after 30 days birth were better than the controlled group, the values in observation group were （ 1.89 ± 0.3 ）, （ 1.90 ± 0. 46）, （ 1.95 ± 0.63 ） ; and those in the control group were （ 1.54 ± 0.15 ）, （ 1.53 ± 0.40） and （ 1.56 ± 0.35）, difference had statistical significance （ t = 8. 886, 5. 472,4. 861, respectively ; P 〈 O. 01 ）. Two groups were significantly difference on the short impacts, 25.92% in observation group and 62. 83% in the control group, which had a significant difference （x2= 11. 392, P 〈0. 01）. Two groups were significantly difference on the long impacts, which had significant difference （ X2 = 4.076, 6.041,4.076, 4.969,respectively; P 〈 0. 05） ; The development quotient of 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months of the observation cesarean children was better than the controlled cesarean children, which had a significant difference （t =5.503, 3.833, 6.861, 7.514, 7. 693,respectively; P〈0.01）. Conclusions Nursing intervention was a safe and effective method which can improve the life quality and it was simple, easy and worth promoting.