Investigation of mechanism and molecular epidemiology of linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in China |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China;2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Zhongshan Hospital, Chongqing, China;1. Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China;2. School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China;1. Mycotic Diseases Branch, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. IHRC, Atlanta, GA, USA;4. New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA;5. New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ, USA;6. Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA |
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| Abstract: | Enterococcus is a major cause of important nosocomial infections. Linezolid, the first member of an entirely new class of antibiotics (oxazolidinones), is effective against serious infections caused by Enterococcus. However, resistance to linezolid has been discovered throughout the world rapidly. From 2011 to 2013, nine linezolid-resistant E. faecalis isolates were collected and the possible mechanisms of linezolid resistance, including mutations in domain V of 23S rRNA genes and in ribosomal proteins L3 and L4, and the multiresistance gene cfr, were investigated. Furthermore, an epidemiological survey of the nine linezolid-resistant E. faecalis isolates was performed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and DiversiLab. The three methods were compared to evaluate their merits and demerits, respectively. We failed to find the resistance mechanisms that have been revealed in recent years by PCR and sequencing analysis in the linezolid-resistant E. faecalis. Epidemiological investigation suggested that a small-scale outbreak of linezolid-resistant E. faecalis emerged in neurosurgery ICU from March to May of 2013. DiversiLab was a reliable typing tool and a suitable alternative to PFGE because it was as discriminatory as PFGE and better than MLST. |
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| Keywords: | Linezolid Resistance Pulsed field gel electrophoresis Multilocus sequence typing DiversiLab |
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