Reassessment of MLST schemes for Leptospira spp. typing worldwide |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies;3. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan;1. Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;2. Bacterial Enteric and Emerging Diseases Laboratory, Center for Research, Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan, No. 161 Kun-Yang Street, Taipei, 11561, Taiwan;3. OIE Leptospirosis Reference Laboratory, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Stoney Road, Belfast BT4 3 SD, United Kingdom;4. Department of Biological Sciences, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, 2085 Ozato, Ozato, Nanjo-shi, Okinawa 901-1202, Japan;5. Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Kita-20, Nishi-10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan;6. Ikari Corporation, 579 Chibatera-machi, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-0844, Japan;7. Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-18, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan;8. Civil International Corporation, 1-19-4 Imado, Taito-ku, Tokyo 111-0024, Japan;9. Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan;10. Bacteriology Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam |
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| Abstract: | Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis of global importance. Several multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods have been developed for Leptospira spp., the causative agent of leptospirosis.In this study we reassessed the most commonly used MLST schemes in a set of worldwide isolates, in order to select the loci that achieve the maximum power of discrimination for typing Leptospira spp. Global eBURST algorithm was used to detect clonal complexes among STs and phylogenetic relationships among concatenated and individual sequences were inferred through maximum likelihood (ML) analysis. The evaluation of 12 loci combined to type a subset of strains rendered 57 different STs. Seven of these loci were selected into a final scheme upon studying the number of alleles and polymorphisms, the typing efficiency, the discriminatory power and the ratio dN/dS per nucleotide site for each locus. This new 7-locus scheme was applied to a wider collection of worldwide strains. The ML tree constructed from concatenated sequences of the 7 loci identified 6 major clusters corresponding to 6 Leptospira species. Global eBURST established 8 CCs, which showed that genotypes were clearly related by geographic origin and host. ST52 and ST47, represented mostly by Argentinian isolates, grouped the higher number of isolates. These isolates were serotyped as serogroups Pomona and Icterohaemorrhagiae, showing a unidirectional correlation in which the isolates with the same ST belong to the same serogroup.In summary, this scheme combines the best loci from the most widely used MLST schemes for Leptospira spp. and supports worldwide strains classification. The Argentinian isolates exhibited congruence between allelic profile and serogroup, providing an alternative to serological methods. |
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| Keywords: | Multilocus sequence typing Reassessment |
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