LASIK并发症分析

目的 分析准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视及近视散光出现的主要并发症。方法 对1550余例（约3000眼）行准分子激光近视矫正术，屈光度－0．50～－27．00D，散光度－0．25～－7．00D，角膜瓣的厚度为160μm和13μm，逐一分析所有出现过的并发症。结果 术中并发症：主要为瓣异常，包括不规则瓣2例，游离且不完全瓣1例，完全游离瓣2例，瓣未切到位5例，瓣过薄2例。反复抽吸不足致抽吸失败、角膜缘血管翳出血、标记线处或瓣根部角膜上皮剥脱、瓣偏中心、角膜基质床“洗衣板”现象各若干例。术后并发症：瓣溶解1例，瓣移位皱折2例，上皮植入3例，欠矫9例，过矫3例，视网膜脱离3例，黄斑出血2例，偏心切削、层间异物、结膜下出血、层间色素沉着、眩光、近视力恢复慢、视疲劳、眼干燥等若干例。结论 LASIK存在一定的并发症，应引起重视。术中并发症可因手术技巧的提高而避免；术后并发症可因手术设计的完善、设备的改进而减少。

Analysis of thecomplications of LASIK

Objective To analyze the complications of excimer laser in situkeratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia and myopic astigmatism.Methods A total of 2 738 eyes with myopia and myopic astigmatism in more than 1 550 cases were treated with LASIK．They ranged from -0.25 to -27.0 diopters and the highest astigmatism was -7.00 diopter．The parameters of the thickness of corneal cap was 130 or 160 microns.All of the main complications were analyzed one by one．Results Irregular cap：2 eyes；Free but incomplete cap:1 eyes; Free cap：2 eyes；Decentral flap:5 eyes；Thin flap：2 eyes；“Washboard”；Epithelial defects；Corneal pannus hemorrhage；Interface debris；Chemosis；Subconjunctiva hemorrhage；Corneal flap dislocation：2 eyes；Undercorrection：9 eyes；Overcorrection：3 eyes；Epithelial ingrowth：3 eyes；Night glare；Coneal flap melting：1 eyes；Eccentric ablation；Retinal detachment：3 eyes；Macular hemorrhage：2 eyes.Conclusion Complications of LASIK can be decreased with the improvement of operative technique and better designed procedure．LASIK is a safe and effective method for correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism without vision threatening complication．But it is important to pay more attention to any complication．