小儿颅内出血的临床探讨

目的：探讨小儿颅内出血的病因和治疗方法。方法：总结６３例小儿颅内出血患者的临床资料。结果：２６凝血酶原时间检查超过照３ｓ以上。６３例头颅ＣＴ诊断以脑实质出血多见，次为蛛网膜上腔出血。降颅压采用小剂量甘露醇合用呋塞米及地塞米松。结论：小儿颅内出血以缺氧缺血性脑病、产伤和晚发性维生素Ｋ缺乏症为主。治疗给予止血、小剂量甘露醇降颅压、脑细胞赋活剂及慎重高压氧治疗。

Clinic study of the cerebral hemorrhage in children

Objective:To explore the pathogeny and treatment of cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Sixty three cases of infant cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed.Results:Of the 64 cases,the prothrombin time in 26 cases was 3 seconds longer than controls.Head CT of the 63 cases showed that most were cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage took the second place.The hyper intracranial pressure was often treated by mild doses of mannitol with lasix,and dexamethasone.Conclusions:The cerebral hemorrhage of infants is mainly caused by hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,injury in labour or late vitamin K deficiency.The treatment consists of hemostasis,mild dose of mannitol and cerebral cell active drug,but hyperbaric oxygenation should be used carefully.