缩宫素对神经精神系统发育的影响

缩宫素（oxytocin， OT）在分娩和泌乳中起重要作用，近年OT对神经精神系统发育的影响逐渐受到重视。分娩时主要来源于母体下丘脑的OT通过减少神经元活动及代谢的能量需求，对分娩过程中的胎脑起保护作用。OT同时作为神经递质或神经调质，调节儿童神经精神系统发育，并可能与儿童孤独症、成人社会行为、社会认知障碍相关。研究OT对神经精神系统发育的影响有重要意义。

Influence of Oxytocin on the Development of Neuropsychiatric

Oxytocin is an important endocrine hormone for parturition and milk ejection. Recently influence of OT on the neuropsychiatric system development has been gradually taken seriously. During delivery， the oxytocin mainly derived from maternal hypothalamus， reducing neuronal activity and metabolic demand， thus helping to protect fetal neurons from hypoxic insults. Oxytocin also regulates the development of neuropsychiatric system as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator， and has an association with children autism， adult social behavior and adult social cognition dysfunction. Thus， the research of oxytocin’s effect on neuropsychiatric system development has important significance.