集体心理干预治疗精神分裂症对照研究

目的 探讨集体心理干预治疗精神分裂症的临床疗效.方法将48例精神分裂症患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组24例,两组均按病情进行药物治疗、健康教育及工娱治疗等常规治疗,实验组在此基础上进行集体心理干预.观察24周.于治疗前及治疗5周,24周末采用简明精神病量表、大体评定量表评定两组患者疾病情况,治疗5周末采用自编访谈提纲对实验组患者及主管医生进行治疗效果访谈,治疗24周末采用自编家属调查量表调查患者最近1周情况.结果 治疗后两组简明精神病量表评分均较治疗前有显著下降(P<0.01),大体评定量表评分均较治疗前有显著提高(P<0.01);同期实验组简明精神病量表评分较对照组下降更显著(P<0.01),大体评定最表评分较对照组升高更显著(P<0.01).治疗24周末,实验组复发率8.33%,对照组为33.33%,实验组显著低于对照组( X2=4.55,P<0.05),治疗依从性及社会功能恢复倾向显著优于对照组(P<0.05);实验组治疗效果访谈结果显示,患者和主管医生均认为集体心理干预有助于提高患者对疾病的认识,改善患者情绪,增加患者主动参与治疗的积极性.结论 集体心理干预治疗精神分裂症效果显著,有利于提高患者的认知功能及社会功能,促进患者的持续康复,能有效延缓疾病的复发.

A control study of group mental intervention in schizophrenia

Objective To explore the efficacy of group psychotherapy in schizophrenia. Methods Forty eight schizophrenia patients were randomly divided into two groups of 24 ones each, both groups received conventional therapy, and experimental group （EG） was plus group psychotherapy for 24 weeks. All cases were assessed with the Brief Psychiatry Rating Scale （BPRS） and the Global Assessment Scale （GAS） before and at the end of the 5^th and 24^th week treatment. Curative effects were assessed by patients of experimental group and physicians in chief with the Self-made Interview Outline （SIO） at the end of the 5^th week, patients＇ conditions of last week investigated with the Self-made Family Inventory （SFI） at the end of the 24^th week. Results After treatment the BPRS score of both group were significantly lower than before treatment and the GAS higher than before treatment （P〈0.01）;the BPRS score of research group de- creased more significantly than the control group （P〈0.01）; the GAS score of research group increased more significantly than the control group （P〈0.01） ; at the end of the 24th week, the relapse rate of the EG was significantly lower than that of the control group, the former had the advantage of the latter in compliance and social function rehabilitation （P〈0.01） ; interview results showed that both patients and physicians in chief thought group psychotherapy was conduce to increasing patients＇ realization about the disease, improving patients＇ emotions and increasing patients＇ activeness of participating treatment initiatively. Conclusion The group mental intervention is conduce to schizophrenics＇ continuing rehabilitation, prevention of recurrence, and recovery of social function.