社区康复干预对精神分裂症患者康复的影响

目的探讨社区康复干预对精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响。方法对社区109例精神分裂症患者在药物治疗的基础上进行系统的社区康复干预，观察1a。于干预前后采用社会支持评定量表、简明精神病量表、社会功能缺陷筛选量表、阴性症状量表评定临床疗效。结果人组患者中87．16％存在不同程度的精神残疾，轻度精神残疾患者社会支持评定量表总分、客观支持、主观支持和对支持利用度因子分均显著高于中度以上精神残疾患者（P〈0．05或0．01）。康复干预1a后，简明精神病量表、社会功能缺陷筛选量表、阴性症状量表评分均显著低于干预前（P〈0．01）。结论社区精神分裂症患者中大多数存在不同程度的精神残疾，系统化的社区康复干预和家庭干预，能显著提高患者的社会支持度，改善社会功能，有利于患者的全面康复。

Effects of community rehabilitation intervention on schizophrenics' rehabilitation

Objective To explore the effects of community rehabilitation intervention on schizophrenics＇ rehabilitation outcome. Methods The systemic community rehabilitation intervention was given to 109 schizophrenics on the basis of drug therapy and observed for 1 year. Clinical efficacies were assessed with the Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale（BPRS）, the Social Disability Screening Schedule（SDSS） and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms（SANS） before and af- ter intervention. Results Of the patients, 87.16 percent had different degree of mental disability, patients with mild mental disability had significantly higher SSRS total, objective support, subjective support and support availability score than ones with moderate and above（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. After 1 year intervention all of the BPRS, SDSS and SANS scores were significantly lower compared with pre-intervention （P〈 0.01）. Conclusion Majority of community schizophrenics have different degree of mental disability. Systematized community rehabilitation and family intervention can increase patients＇ social support notably, improve social function and are in favour of patients＇ comprehensive rehabilitation.