利用微波辅助萃取、电感耦合等离子体质谱和离子色谱联用方法测定生物和环境样品中的重金属以评价其对人体健康的潜在危害

【目的】测定生物和环境样品中的重金属及其化学形态，从而更准确地评价其对人体健康的潜在危害，并且监测重金属从环境基质到人体的迁移途径。【方法】利用微波辅助萃取进行样品预处理，离子色谱分离重金属不同化学形态，电感耦合等离子体质谱进行检测。【结果】微波辅助萃取能够将重金属的不同无机和有机形态从样品基质中有效分离，分离过程中金属形态不发生变化。将离子色谱和电感耦合等离子体质谱在线联用，辅以稳定性同位素标记，可以准确测定生物和环境样品中的金属(铅、铬和汞)形态。【结论】提高生物和环境样品中重金属检测的灵敏度，并且测定金属的化学形态，可以对评价重金属对人体健康的潜在危害提供重要信息。

Measurement of Heavy Metals in Biological and Environmental Matrices Using Microwave Assisted Extraction,Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Ion Chromatography for Assessing Potential Risk to Human Health

ObjectiveTo measure metals in both environmental and biological matrices which allows for more accurate assessment of risk to human health as well as monitoring of the pathway from matrix to human incorporation.[Methods]Mi-crowave assisted extraction for sample preparation,ion chromatography for analyte separation,and inductively coupled plas-ma/mass spectrometry(ICP/MS)for detection.[Results]The microwave assisted extraction demonstrated its utility in remov-ing both inorganic and organic metal species from their matrix without species interconversion.The on-line coupling of IC and ICP/MS,in conjunction with stable isotope labels,was successfully applied to the determination of metal species(specifically lead,chromium and mercury)in various environmental and biological samples.[Conclusion]The development of methods for more sensitive measurement as well as the determination of the chemical species of the metal analyte can pro-vide critical information in assessing its potential risk to human health.